The All-New Bunrab

Fresh articles via the Heart Center Online:
Insulin resistance associated with heart failure
Estrogen therapy may help prevent enlarged heart

Insulin resistance associated with heart failure
Jul 22 (HeartCenterOnline) - Insulin resistance appears to increase the risk of developing heart failure, according to a new study published in a leading medical journal.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart does not pump enough blood to adequately supply the body. It is considered a degenerative condition with no cure, and it is a major cause of death. People with CHF are 4 to 8 times more likely to die than people without the condition, according to background information in the study.

The most common causes of CHF are high blood pressure and atherosclerosis. Other risk factors include diabetes and obesity.

Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body does not respond to available insulin as well as it should and is considered a forerunner of diabetes Until this study, insulin resistance, had not been considered a risk factor for developing CHF.

During the study, a team of physicians in Sweden tracked 1,187 men over the age of 70 between 1990 and 2002. During that time, 104 men developed CHF. After controlling for all the possible risk factors, including previous heart attack, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and high cholesterol, the research team found that insulin resistance is a valuable predictor for CHF.

The researchers speculated that the connection between obesity and CHF may be mediated by insulin resistance and called for further study. The study was published in the July 20 edition of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Copyright 2000-2005 (HealthCentersOnline)
Publish Date: July 22, 2005

Estrogen therapy may help prevent enlarged heart
Jul 22 (HeartCenterOnline) - It may be premature to declare that estrogen replacement therapy has no place in preventing all forms of heart disease, according to researchers at the University of California, Irving (UCI).

In recent years, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen (HRT) has come under scrutiny because of findings released by the large, multi-year Women's Health Initiative. That study found that HRT did not prevent heart disease among post-menopausal women, as was once thought. Since those results were released, millions of women stopped taking HRT as a means to prevent heart disease.

However, the research team at UCI found that HRT prevented hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or enlarged heart, among post-menopausal women who had experienced a heart attack.

According to a release describing the study, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy occurs in as many as 80 percent of people who experience heart attacks. It may lead to heart failure.

Among pre-menopausal women, heart disease rates are significantly lower than among men the same age. However, after menopause, the rate of heart disease among women climbs rapidly, eventually becoming more common among women than men. Heart disease is the leading killer of American women.

In prepared remarks, the authors of the study say that HRT deserves further study, despite the "intense reaction" to the findings of the Women's Health Initiative. The study appeared in the July 15 edition of the Journal of Biological Chemistry.
Copyright 2000-2005 (HealthCentersOnline)
Publish Date: July 22, 2005

It has been a while. We moved from Texas to Maryland. Where up until this week, it has been 10-15 degrees cooler than Texas. This week, the temperatures are about identical. But that's OK - it's the middle of July, it's supposed to be summer. At least here in the Baltimore area, summer will last for another few weeks, and it'll be getting cooler again by the end of August. In Austin, it will stay in the 90's till October.

Nothing much to write about. Gotta find a new cardiologist now that I'm here. That should be fun. Gotta figure out what my health plan will pay for, now that I'm out-of-state with reference to the Employees Retirement System of Texas. Yeeha.

Anyone taking beta-blockers is going to have problems with heat. If you are taking furosemide/Lasix or related diuretics, you will also have problems with the sun. Suggestion: invest in several cooling bandanas. (Like this one, http://www.brandsonsale.com/zecoba.html , although that's just an example. I have not personally ordered from these people, so I don't know if it's any good. It's just to show you the kind of thing I mean.) For playing in the band in outdoor 4th of July concerts, I wear 2-3 of these - one tied around my forehead, one around my neck, one sorta draped down the center of my back. They really help. I could stand being out in the heat for almost 3 hours with these. Don't overexert yourself, though - you shouldn't try to "tough it out."

One of the stitches on the incision for the pacemaker hasn't dissolved. I have some experience with pulling out stitches, but the location of the incision means I'd have to do it looking in a mirror, and I feel less confident about my ability to do that. It's a knotted end- it's not going to pull out painlessly, either. So I guess I'll have to call the doctor and get someone in his office to remove it.

I know how to remove stitches, and lots of other minor medical procedures, because I have pets. I work closely with my veterinarians' office in taking care of my pets, often assisting them directly, and certainly getting lots of stuff to take home for follow-up care. So I know how to lance, drain, and disinfect abcesses; how to remove stitches; how to give injections to a wide variety of species, including humans, and so on. Sometimes I think I have a rather peculiar range of skill sets for a computer teacher who used to be an accountant. (I still have my CPA license; I just don't do that for a living any more.)

Having a lot of odd hobbies is useful, in that social ties help people to stay healthier (a sample (article about this; there's lots more available). One study I read said that people who belong to six or more social groups live longer than people who don't belong to any. Apparently, social groups can be as formal as a workplace, a school, or a church, or as informal as the people who share your hobby and always seem to be in the store at the same time you are, be it fishing, knitting, or stamp collecting. Playing cards once a month with people counts. Belonging to a quilting bee counts. Joining your neighborhood association counts. I suspect even just being one of the regulars who goes to any and all free lectures offered by the public library counts; probably the librarians know the regulars, and the regulars know each other, and chat, maybe even have coffee together, afterwards. In my case, I belong to several animal rescue groups; hang out at a couple of stores that cater to my hobbies a lot; belong to my local Mensa chapter; belong to several church/state separation groups; and also have way too many relatives. (One of my sisters called last weekend- I now have 32 nieces and nephews. Welcome, Brenna Leigh.) So I think I can safely say I have at least six social groups. I hope that means more people who will notice if I seem to be getting worse, or if I start declining a lot of invites without apparent reason and will therefore worry about me. More people potentially available to drive me to doctor's appointments if I'm in bad shape. More people to send me links to new medical information on the net that may help me. Those things, I suspect, are some of the reasons people with social networks are healthier.

The heat really gets to me these days. I've never been fond of Texas summers; I moved down here 22 years ago, and still hate the weather. I'm even less fond of hot days now. The heat really makes me drag out my handicapped parking tag, because walking all the way across a parking lot seems way more than I can manage. I also am tired today, from doing some shopping. So this is a short day.

The question has no doubt occurred to you, does anyone make a no-sodium toothpaste? The answer, so far as I have been able to tell, is no. Besides sodium flouride, most toothpastes also have sodium saccharine, and sodium lauryl sulfate. Tom's of Maine has a couple of toothpastes, though, that contain only the last of these, no flouride or saccharine. First is their homeopathic-style toothpaste. Be sure to get the apricot flavor, not the baking soda flavor!! Baking soda is sodium! The apricot tastes a little odd to those used to minty commercial toothpastes, but you get used to it - that's what I'm using now. They also make a Natural Fluoride-Free Toothpaste which has no flouride or saccharine; don't order the peppermint or gingermint flavors, as those have baking soda in them. I have ordered the Cinnamint flavor, but haven't tried it yet.

So let's talk more about drugs. ACE inhibitors, for example. ACE stands for "angiotensin converting enzyme." What that actually is, is a relative of adrenaline, and it's a stimulant that makes your heart beat harder and your blood vessels tense up, for lack of another word. So an ACE inhibitor blocks the ACE, and thereby keeps your heart from being stimulated too strongly.

Now, the ACE inhibitors have a couple of drawbacks, although they are a vast improvement over many earlier hypertension drugs. Many earlier drugs caused impotence in many male users, for example. The ACE inhibitors usually don't. They do, however, cause a really severe cough in about 20% of the people who take them, a bad enough cough to make people have to stop using them. In women, this cough is severe enough to cause involuntary urine release - even in young women and women who do their Kegel exercises. Men get the cough, too, but generally don't have to worry about peeing in their pants when they cough. Some of the 'prils - that's another nickname for this class of drugs, because all the generic names end in "pril," such as enalapril, quinapril, and lisinopril - are less likely to cause this that others, but still somewhat. The Essential Guide (see Thursday's post) says that the cough is rare to infrequent; my family doctor, my cardiologist, and quite a few online sources say it's 20% of the people who take them, and I'm inclined to believe that estimate. The Guide says that this side effect is most common with delapril, least common with quinapril.

Now, for those who have the cough, one can switch to one of the newer Angiotensin-II Receptor Antagonist family, also referred to as Angiotensin II Inhibitors. The nickname for these drugs has not entirely settled yet; some doctors call them ACE-IIs, some A-II-B's (with II pronounced as "two"), and some call them ARBs. You could also refer to them as the 'sartans, because all the generic names end in sartan - candesartan, losartan, valsartan, etc. I take Diovan, which is valsartan. I am one of the people who got a severe cough from two different 'prils, before convincing my HMO to pay for the newer drugs. Some HMOs prefer the 'prils because some are available in generic now, whereas all the 'sartans are still brand-name only. If you have that cough, and really want to switch, here's one approach: tell your doctor that the cough (a) interferes with your ability to properly perform your job functions, and/or (b) interferes with your quality of life and your ability to normally perform some of your activities of daily living. Those are catch-phrases, that usually will have a positive result, because otherwise the HMO might be accused of discriminating against the disabled - that's where that "activities of daily living" phrase comes in.

According to the Essential Guide, one study found that two of the medicines in this family did not work as well in African Americans as other high blood pressure medications. A couple of specific studies have been done, with very positive results, on using this family of drugs for heart failure - losartan in particular, and eprosartan if used in conjunction with other drugs. My cardiologist tells me that it is expected that further studies will show that all the 'sartans have this effect to some degree, although possibly not all of them work as well as losartan. Losartan has been shown to decrease left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the left ventricle). On the other hand, losartan should not be used by people with liver problems (and some people with severe heart failure do have liver problems as well), while the other 'sartans may need dosage adjustments but will not be compromised by liver problems.

Whew, is that a bunch of trivia about drugs, or what? And there's still the digitalis glycosides, the loop diuretics, the beta blockers, and the cholesterol-lowering statins to go!! Aren't you excited?

OK, I can't let a day go by without either a link or a recipe. Right? Well, one of the groups of foods that is high in potassium is dried fruit, such as dried apricots. My absolute favorite place to purchase dried fruit is Sweet Energy. They also sell candied ginger, a terrific snack that is fat-free and sodium-free, albeit a bit sugary - if you are trying one of those glycemic-index diets, candied ginger would be a no-no. I love the stuff; a small bit goes a long way because the flavor is so intense. They also make a granola that's not too high in fat (it does have coconut flakes and almond slivers in it, though), has no sodium, and is sweetened with maple syrup instead of sugar. It's yummy, but it's NOT low-calorie. They have regular internet-special sales; you can also order by phone or mail, if you prefer. They have a print catalog.

I had one of my regular visits with my cardiologist today. Because my ejection fraction hasn't improved, and I'm still frequently tired, he's decided to add spironolactone to my other prescriptions. I am already taking furosemide (generic of Lasix) as a diuretic, but spironolactone supposedly lets a person retain more potassium. I eat a lot of fresh fruit, so potassium hasn't been a noticeable problem- my blood levels are at the lower end of normal, but still within normal - but this diuretic supposedly works very well in conjunction with others. I of course immediately went to check my Pill Book and Essential Guide to Prescription Drugs. (If you follow those links to amazon.com, you will note that I have written reviews of both books.) The name of the drug is sort of funny - doesn't spironolactone sound more like some kind of blue-green algae than like a diuretic? Anyway, the books tell me that it's also an aldosterone antagonist, used for primary hyperaldosteronism (also known as Conn's Syndrome or Conn's Disease, usually caused by adrenal tumors or adrenal hyperplasia - information I found on the Web, not in these books). Anyway, the Pill Book tells me that in people with CHF, aldosterone levels can be 20 times higher than normal, causing water retention. Spironolactone helps the body release sodium and remove excess body fluids while retaining potassium. If you take spironolactone with an ACE inhibitor (more on those some other day), you actually wind up having to be careful of excess potassium, and get your blood levels checked frequently. I hope this doesn't mean I can't keep stuffing my face with melon and citrus fruits and kiwi fruit and even good ol' bananas. Also warns that this drug may increase digoxin levels. So, I have to go to the lab for bloodwork in 2 weeks, or sooner if I feel weirder than usual. Although potassium insufficiency (hypokalemia) frequently causes weakness and muscle cramps, apparently, according to The Pill Book, so do excessively high blood levels of potassium. Sheesh. Ya can't win.

The Essential Guide usually has longer and more thorough descriptions of the drugs it covers, although it covers fewer of them. It warns of more side effects for this drug than Pill Book does, including enlargement of male breast tissue and masculinization effects in women. I guess that is to be expected in something that affects hormones. (Aldosterone is one of the sex-related steroid hormones.) The Guide says that increased tolerance for walking and exercise can be expected from taking this drug. That is the goal, I suppose. In another few weeks, when I'm allowed to go swimming again (that healing pacemaker incision, you'll recall) it would be nice to have the energy to do so. I've gotten totally bored with yoga, and it's too d@mned hot to go walking. We'll see whether this works.

I found some really large cucumbers today, and an enormous parsnip, so one batch of summer pickles is more like two quarts this time than one quart. Emptied out the bottle of red wine vinegar and broke into the apple cider vinegar, even! Apart from their nice crunchy texture, the other reason to use parsnips in pickling is that saying "pickled parsnips" is so much fun!